Sunday, November 30, 2014

Choices & Labels

Take peace, for example. Just as an example. There's something about it when you see it. Something that you could never quite put your finger on. It's not really clear what it is. 

Go ahead. Try to define it. Whether you do so from a flat materialistic point of view, or whether you do so from a mechanistic animist point of view, if you are honest, you will run into conceptual difficulties, and your definition will be easy to dismantle. But yet, despite all that, there's something about it, isn't there? Is it an emergent property  of  human thought, and therefore an emergent property of life and therefore an emergent property of matter? If so, can it then be said to be an ultimate property of the universe prior to and beyond human conceptualizing of it? If it's then an ultimate property of the universe, what is it? 

The atheists might declare its realness to be something of an illusion because it is derivative from lower levels of reality. But that doesn't work because there's no reference point for realness. It seems to exist in its own right. The animists might declare it to be a spirit, but that's an analysis that surrenders itself to labels. What does "spirit" mean?

Moreover, piety towards qualities of the universe--piety as in formal or ritualized acts of awe, reverence, and gratitude toward the aspects of the universe that you value and cherish--is a response that seems to match the human psyche very well. It makes for a psychologically balanced life.   

This is the most honest approach to reality that I can come up with. I don't feel that this is related to any choices I've made. It's how things actually are, as best as I can tell. I don't feel a fool for being haunted by the nature of reality; I ought to be.

I also really don't mind if I fit into a religious label or not. Fitting into other people's religious labels should never be my goal. What I think is honestly real should come first; categorization should always come second. 

Meditations, Book III, Section 16

Meditations, Book III, Section 16:
To steal, to sow, to buy, to be at rest, to see what is to be done (which is not seen by the eyes, but by another kind of sight:) what these words mean, and how many ways to be understood, they do not understand. The body, the soul, the understanding. As the senses naturally belong to the body, and the desires and affections to the soul, so do the dogmata to the understanding.

An alternative translation:
They know not how many things are signified by the words stealing, sowing, buying, keeping quiet, seeing what ought to be done; for this is not effected by the eyes, but by another kind of vision. Body, soul, intelligence: to the body belong sensations, to the soul appetites, to the intelligence principles.

Saturday, November 29, 2014

Into the Abyss

I watched Into the Abyssa documentary film by Werner Herzog. It tells the tragic stories of the victims, survivors, and perpetrators of a triple homicide in the state of Texas, in the U.S.A. 

Throughout the film, you can sense Herzog's humaneness and intelligence. He expresses opinions in the course of talking to the people involved, but one never feels that the film itself demands a particular conclusion. The interviews are arranged such that the story seems to tell itself. 

There are several people Herzog talks to who display an authentic sagacity and life wisdom that can only have been gained through such tragic experience or such catastrophic mistakes. When they speak, there are no false notes. 

Friday, November 28, 2014

Minerva in Liverpool

A large statue of Minerva that crowns the dome on top of Liverpool town hall in the U.K. is being restored. 

Wisdom is certainly a good thing for city leaders to possess. 

Wikipedia says that the last formal act of the American Civil War happened at the Liverpool town hall when the commander of the C.S.S. Shenandoah surrendered it to the British government there in November 1865. 

Thursday, November 27, 2014

Harmony at Thanksgiving

The Atlantic highlighted an article by Conor Friedersdorf that he wrote last year at this time about how it's better not to talk politics at Thanksgiving, but offers a more harmonious way of doing so if you decide to enter the fray anyway. The article is a good read. This is from the beginning:
On Thanksgiving, it's usually best if you don't talk politics. The subject tends to aggravate people, and it's very unlikely that anyone's mind will be changed. So don't do it. But if you must talk politics, how should it be done?
The idea in this preface--of not talking about politics at all--deserves some consideration. There might be wise and not-so-wise ways of going about this.

The least wise way that I can think of is to resolve not to say anything, no matter how provoked, and to hold in one's reaction by sheer mental strength. A likely result could be blowing up--a far worse outcome than simply engaging from the beginning. 

Stoicism and other traditions offer some useful methods for handling a situations like these:

1. Remembering that people like the relative that is annoying you are an inevitable part of the world, and you are no more able to avoid them than you are rainy days. You don't shake your fist at the sky when it rains, do you? You are entitled to a relative; that's all. Who's ever been entitled to a relative who thinks just like them? 

2. Assuming that, like most people, you believe that your political position is superior and more correct, remembering that you yourself required a formative period to arrive at the views you now hold, and your progress toward these beliefs was in part a product of your unique circumstances, encounters, and experiences, things which aren't necessarily available to other people. For your relatives' part, their own experiences and circumstances led them to think the way they do. You might say then, "It's natural for them to think like that, given the circumstances they were exposed to."

3. Remembering that you are always free to choose your emotional response to stimuli. I don't mean, as I said above, choosing not to express anger. I mean, choosing not to be angry at all. One of the great deceptions of life is that sensory input compels a particular emotional reaction. It does not. You need not be a slave of input, whiplashed around by whatever bothersome thing happens to enter your ears or eyes. 

4. Wishing things to be exactly as they are. This one might seem hard or strange, but if you stop for a moment and inwardly express the desire that whatever unpleasant thing is happening (in the form of a relative that is saying something provocative about politics) does happen, it is often very effective in lifting a sense of annoyance or grievance. Better still, it is often very liberating, in that it frees you up to see what is still within your control; in what ways you are free to act despite the provocation. So whereas formerly the annoying relative might have caused you to stew silently or become quiet and moody, now you might--after pausing to make your wish--brush off the provocation with ease and immediately notice an opportunity to smile and compliment another guest or the host. Quite a bit different than morose silence or a "ruined holiday"!

5. Taking satisfaction in not getting annoyed at trivial things, of which Thanksgiving political discussions are surely one. This is a form of remembering perspective. All eras pass and are replaced by new eras with new controversies. These are, in succession, further replaced by yet newer eras and so on. All humans, for their part, eventually die, and are replaced in turn by newer generations.  Do you remember witnessing controversies among adults, as a kid, and--not being emotionally invested in them yourself--wondering why they were so upset? Must you then re-enact, in your own generation, things that subsequent generations will be equally alienated from and think unimportant? Is it not better to remember perspective now and not get so upset? 

6. Noticing and acknowledging your thoughts and emotions while conversing with relatives. This is a way reducing the power of unwanted emotions and remaining detached from them. If you stand aside from your thoughts, as it were, and look back on them from a removed perspective, you realize that you don't have to identify with them. Your thoughts are not you. This is a form of Vipissana meditation and it may not be easy to understand at first. But once you no longer identify with your thoughts, a gap develops between thought and reaction, which may be just long enough to choose a different, non-reflexive response. 

7. Remembering, above all, that what people say isn't what offends you. It's your opinion about what people say that offends you. 

That's all I've got for now. Happy Thanksgiving!

Wednesday, November 26, 2014

Pax and Jesus

Peace, by George Herbert, a famous Christian poet whose life overlapped with William Shakespeare's, is a poem that I find significant in that it illustrates a point on which, though I respect Christianity very much, I must part ways with it. 

I would very much request that anyone who reads this understand that in this post, I am not criticizing Christianity--I am only telling how my own point of view differs.

The poem is about searching for peace. The speaker describes his quest in the form of a second-person address to a personified version of peace. This embodiment of peace in language--he uses a capital "P"--seems very similar to Roman religion, in that the personification serves as a vehicle for articulating a special aspect of the universe that isn't captured merely by the rote attaching of labels to features of reality, as we might do so in the contemporary era. The speaker of the poem doesn't specifically identify Pax the goddess, but the personification does so in its stead. 

The first three stanzas describe raised hopes in the search for peace in particular settings. Each time, the hopes are elevated only to be dashed. The "Peace" thought to be there turns out to be illusory. The remaining four stanzas are metaphorical descriptions of Jesus Christ, the twelve apostles, and the rise and spread of Christianity. The word peace again appears in the final stanza, but this time with a lowercase "p". Thus, upon the arrival of Christianity, peace is no longer personified, no longer deified, can no longer be spoken to or communicated with, has become an inanimate thing, a common noun.  Real peace, the author says, is only available through Jesus Christ.

I'm afraid this is a point on which I must part company with Christianity. 

I admire Christianity, but my opinions and feelings are different. That peace is only through Jesus--that has never been my intuition, and it also has never been my experience. Peace exists in a variety of life contexts: Peace sometimes prevails where specific human desires for peace are wholly absent. Peace sometimes appears in the complete absence of human beings. Peace is sometimes brought about by the planning, desire, or conscious intention of peace-seeking people. Peace often appears in non-Christian religious contexts. Peace is wherever it appears, however it appears, whenever it appears, and, if it appears due to the conscious actions of people, by whoever helps bring it about. 

I find the Roman conception of peace to be closer to my experience of reality. That being said, Jesus is a peace deity; I want him to receive respect, and I want his followers to be loved and to feel loved. 

Here's the poem: 
 
Peace
George Herbert

Sweet Peace, where dost thou dwell? I humbly crave,
Let me once know.
I sought thee in a secret cave,
And ask’d, if Peace were there.
A hollow winde did seem to answer, No:
Go seek elsewhere.

I did; and going did a rainbow note:
Surely, thought I,
This is the lace of Peaces coat:
I will search out the matter.
But while I lookt, the clouds immediately
Did break and scatter.

I went I to a garden, and did spy
A gallant flower,
The crown Imperiall: Sure, said I,
Peace at the root must dwell.
But when I digg’d, I saw a worm devoure
What show’d so well.

At length I met a rev’rend good old man:
Whom when of Peace
I did demand, he thus began;
There was a Prince of old
At Salem dwelt, who liv’d with good increase
Of flock and fold.

He sweetly liv’d; yet sweetnesse did not save
His life from foes.
But after death out of his grave
There sprang twelve stalks of wheat:
Which many wondring at, got some of those
To plant and set.

It prosper’d strangely, and did soon disperse
Through all the earth:
For they that taste it do rehearse,
That vertue lies therein;
A secret vertue bringing peace and mirth
By flight of sinne.

Take of this grain, which in my garden grows,
And grows for you;
Make bread of it: and that repose
And peace, which ev’ry where
With so much earnestnesse you do pursue
Is onely there.

Miguel Chevalier's Bust of Janus

French artist Miguel Chevalier has used 3D printing technology to create a voxelized bust of Janus. It is on display in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The Internet says that a voxel is a 3D pixel, so to voxelize means to enlarge in such a way as to make the voxels visible. 

A quote from the article says that Chevalier seeks to demonstrate with the piece that 3D printing technology--as a means of creating art--exists in unbroken succession with prior eras of art going back to the ancient world. 

Miguel Chevalier's web page is here.  

Tuesday, November 25, 2014

Saturnalia

Nice video from Discovery News of a classics professor from Loyola College explaining Saturnalia as the roots of Christmas. 

Monday, November 24, 2014

It's the Most Wonderful Time of the Year!

"For how many years shall this festival abide! Never shall age destroy so holy a day! While the hills of Latium remain and father Tiber, while thy Rome stands and the Capitol thou hast restored to the world, it shall continue."

I would say so, judging from the spreading of its modern incarnation, Christmas, even within my own lifetime. Did Christianity co-opt Saturnalia, or did Saturnalia co-opt Christianity? Sometimes it's really hard to tell. :)

Be of good cheer--it's the most wonderful time of the year! 

Monday, November 17, 2014

Historical Trauma Passed to Children

The New Republic has an interesting (and tragic) article by Judith Shulevitz about trauma from large-scale historical events being passed down biologically to children of the victims. The article discusses children of Khmer Rouge survivors, Lakota descendants of the U.S. government's treatment of the Lakota nation in the nineteenth century, including the Wounded Knee massacre, children of Holocaust survivors, as well as African Americans and Vietnam veterans. 

There's a lot here that needs to be sorted out. The article raises a great variety of questions. Whether the answers--if they are ever ultimately discovered--support my favorite theories about how to reduce psychological distress or not  (no matter if they don't), I hope that the children and descendants of people who experienced these events can find their way out of the dark places in which they currently find themselves.

Saturday, November 15, 2014

The White Diamond

I strongly recommend The White Diamond, a documentary film from Werner Herzog. It's humanly paced, thoughtful, and kind.

Friday, November 14, 2014

Saved by Latin!

I'm not really stressed these days. Perhaps that's why I haven't been blogging. 

Something funny happened this evening, however. Maybe it's blog-worthy. I had to teach a chapter from a vocabulary book in this one particular class, which has only one student. He usually takes the book home with him, and I hadn't thought to ask him to leave it with me one time so I could prepare in advance for subsequent classes. Because of that, I didn't realize that there was an obscure English word in today's chapter that I wouldn't be able to remember the pronunciation of.

Well, I flubbed its pronunciation. :) Then, not to leave him with wrong information, I had to look up its proper pronunciation in the middle of the lesson, emphasize that my earlier pronunciation had been incorrect, and make sure that he remembered the correct one. It was kind of embarrassing.:) 

On the next page, however, there appeared a small section with some Latin words (to show the students the Latin roots of English words). These I was able to pronounce confidently, and that kind of made up for it all. 

Haha.. saved by Latin! :)

Saturday, November 8, 2014

The Old Stoic, by Emily Bronte

The Old Stoic, by Emily Bronte. Some may quibble that this or that part of the poem fails to fit their conception of Stoicism. No matter. Just enjoy the poem:

Riches I hold in light esteem;
And Love I laugh to scorn;
And lust of fame was but a dream
That vanished with the morn:

And if I pray, the only prayer
That moves my lips for me
Is, "Leave the heart that now I bear,
And give me liberty!"

Yes, as my swift days near their goal,
'Tis all that I implore;
In life and death, a chainless soul,
With courage to endure.

Friday, November 7, 2014

Bedtime Prayer

Prayer for South Korea and North Korea; and then going west, for China, southeast Asia, India, Russia, Ukraine, for Africa and Europe, Latin America, Mexico, the United States, Canada, Oceania, including Australia and New Zealand. Did I forget anyone? For people working in Antarctica, too! 

May the gods bless each and every one.

Lots of love from Asia.

Good night.

T.  

Tuesday, November 4, 2014

Meditations, Book III, Section 15

Meditations, Book III, Section 15:
Be not deceived; for thou shalt never live to read thy moral commentaries, nor the acts of the famous Romans and Grecians; nor those excerpta from several books; all which thou hadst provided and laid up for thyself against thine old age. Hasten therefore to an end, and giving over all vain hopes, help thyself in time if thou carest for thyself, as thou oughtest to do.
Another translation:
No longer wander at hazard; for neither wilt thou read thy own memoirs, nor the acts of the ancient Romans and Hellenes, and the selections from books which thou wast reserving for thy old age. Hasten then to the end which thou hast before thee, and throwing away idle hopes, come to thy own aid, if thou carest at all for thyself, while it is in thy power. 

Monday, November 3, 2014

Good Night

I've been making hot grape juice with cinnamon and lemon juice. The recipe calls for nutmeg, but I didn't have any. This is a very delicious drink to have on a cool autumn night. 

I hope this day or night finds you happy and healthy. I will pray for the world before going to sleep.

Much love from Asia,
T. 

Sunday, November 2, 2014

Meditations, Book III, Section 14

Meditations, Book III, Section 14:
As physicians and chirurgeons have always their instruments ready at hand for all sudden cures; so have thou always thy dogmata in a readiness for the knowledge of things, both divine and human: and whatsoever thou dost, even in the smallest things that thou dost, thou must ever remember that mutual relation, and connection that is between these two things divine, and things human. For without relation unto God, thou shalt never speed in any worldly actions; nor on the other side in any divine, without some respect had to things human.
Here's a different translation that uses the word "divine" instead of "God". Even if Marcus Aurelius believed in a demiurge, or a pantheistic demiurge, the meaning and associations of that are different than what is suggested by the word "God". Also, because Stoicism is about wisdom, not divine commands, I think the word "principles", found in the second translation, is more appropriate than "dogmata", which call to mind a set of brittle theological beliefs:
As physicians have always their instruments and knives ready for cases which suddenly require their skill, so do thou have principles ready for the understanding of things divine and human, and for doing everything, even the smallest, with a recollection of the bond which unites the divine and human to one another. For neither wilt thou do anything well which pertains to man without at the same time having a reference to things divine; nor the contrary.

Saturday, November 1, 2014